The Maico factory was founded during the 1930's by Otto and Wilhelm Maisch. Since Wilhelm was involved with the National Socialist Party during the world war II he could only be a minority owner as stipulated by government laws in the post war period. However, Wilhelms sons, Hans, Peter and Wilhelm Jr started to work for Maico after their education and and in this manner maintained some control over the development and business in the hands of Wilhelm.

During the 50's, in Europe, Maico had a reputation for building fast and sporty bikes, rare and expensive but something to dream about. The bikes where two-stroke road bikes, pretty conventional in design and lightweight. They where easily converted for off-road use. Models like the 250 Blizzard, M175 and 250 MD where common. Most of these models shared the same frame - tubes forming a loop on each side of the rear wheel. This frame design was retained until 1962.

In 1962 the the conventional hydraulic fork was introduced and the bikes adopted a more modern appearance. The development continued throughout the 60's and from the early 70's the Maico bikes where famous for their look. The square metal tank. Thick seats and modern motocross appearance with longer suspension travel than most, yellow color and cylinders with huge cooling fins. The Swedish rider Åke Johnson was a common sight around the GP tracks. From 1973 the engines got a familiar design and in 1974 the cylinders got their famous radial fins which were common until 1983/84. On of the most wanted bikes for collectors today are the 1974 models. The suspension had very long travel compared to bikes of the past and the 400 models had power to match anything on the track. In 1976 the suspension travel had been raised even further with rear shocks leaning forwards. The fact is that the suspension travel race in the late 70's was much led by Maico. One can even say all other bikes were following Maico. Another Maico invention was to mount the front wheel axle in front of the lower fork leg. This allowed longer travel and a more rigid internal structure with more overlap. This invention characterized Maico forks throughout the entire 70's and was soon to be copied by everyone else. The '77 bikes were much the same but looked different. The red color combined with modern plastic side panes gave them a modern look. In 78-79 the bikes had the red color scheme, modern plastic, 38mm forks and leaning shocks with long travel. A modern engine and a rounded painted tank in metal.

So came 1980! The 1980 model was a completely redesign of practically everything except most engine parts and some wheel components. The new plastic tank came and stayed until 1984. The brand new 42mm air assisted forks that by many are regarded as the best conventional forks that there are, came with a stunning 12.2 inches (310mm) of travel. Chromolly double loop frame with a square box backbone structure made up the frame. The most significant thing though was the geometry. The bike had razor sharp steering, neutral handling and was so easy to ride that a common joke was "riding a Maico is close to cheating". The fact is that Maico got the measurements between footpegs, handlebar and seat pretty correct. The weight distribution was also spot on. The 440cc engine suffered by being one and a half horse down by the new Yamaha YZ465 though. Unacceptable.

1981 Maico 490, did it ! Maico had the easiest job in he world, they had all the tools and knowhow to build the best open classer in the world. All they had to do was to pinpoint a few details that had to be bettered an do so. They bored out the 440cc to a full 490cc. They reconstructed the seat tank layout to a more flat design. They changed the wheel spokes pattern. The Maico 490 from 1981 is regarded as the best open class bike ever made. The combination of useful powerband, suspension and balance had indeed been hard to beat. Business was good, Maico earned good money. In 1981 the Maico 490 sold more open class bikes than, for example Honda did in their entire motocross line in the US. The only bike that would out accelerate the mighty 490 was the awesome KTM 495.

In 1982 Maico released their first generation single shock rear suspension. The rising rate wasn't entirely correct or to be precise much to high. The construction also added some weight to the bike. Combining this the bike was changing for the worse. Regardless, a correctly tuned in Maico was still the fastest open classer around the track.

In 1983 Maico released an entirely new engine and reworked the frame and plastic. The new engine got rid of the chain primary drive and was extremely small. The single shock linkage was reworked and performed much better. Maybe the 250cc engine gained the most and was suddenly right in the pack regarding power output. The 490 was better again but hardly as good as the '81 model.

The Maico line started to get into trouble. The 1982 models didn't sell good and 1983 was an extremely important year and a kind of a second chance to come back. Unfortunately the 1983 models faced real trouble with quality problems. wheel hubs exploded and all kinds of things happened. The market was overwhelmed by the Japanese bikes that proved to have good quality, performance and also technically better with water-cooling, disk brakes, aluminium swingarms and good single shock systems. The Maico suffered from being air cooled, a steel swingarm and not so futuristic plastic combined with old brakes. The cooling system didn't have any impact on the power output but the buyers turned their backs on it as outdated.

Things continued to go wrong in 1984. The bike got water cooling but beside that not much of importance was changed. Still the same old drum brakes and the hefty 42mm fork so praised back in '80's wasn't a selling argument anymore since all Japanese bikes had 43mm form tubes by then. The 1985 model was changed in several ways. Maico had decided to release a water cooled engine that was just as powerful or even stronger than any other 250 out there. They also went back to the idea of raising the suspension travel. It had worked so good in the past. It was way too tall. A very narrow and hard seat, a high rear end making the front too low and then the powerband. It hit hard in the midrange and signed off immediately. The 500cc water cooled engine was a slightly bigger success and quite a few where built as enduro machines for the European market. It was famous for the nice and strong power output but the open class was already dying and particular in the woods where a full sized two stroke engine was and is too much to handle.

The 1986 machines got a new exhaust port like the Japanese bikes but it was too late to save the business and in 1987 Maico went bankrupt.

The Maico marquee today is manufactured in small scale. The customers are enthusiasts that know what they want and is willing to go the extra mile to get one. The machines are top modern with ø50mm forks, Reiger shocks and everything you could expect in terms of aftermarket goodies. The open class engine from the mid 80's lives on in sidecar motocross racing under the name Zabel and a displacement up to 700cc. It was and still is one of the best motocross engines that ever left the factory.

Source:  mxbikes.com